NPC 分析法

NPC 即为 非谓语动词 ( Nonfinite verbs ) 介词 ( Preposition ) 从句 ( Clause ) 取各自首字母缩写.

NPC 分析法通过找出长难句中 NPC 这三种 后置修饰标志，从而对一个复杂的长难句进行 断句 并逐一 匹配 好对应的 修饰关系，从而达到 理解 长难句.

而 NPC 就是根据以下进行断句.

1. 非谓语动词 Nonfinite verbs

不定式 to do 动名词 v.+ting 分词 v.+ed / v.+ing

凡是 左边有「 be 动词 」的 ing 或 ed 形式的 动词 统统都不是 修饰.

2. 介词 Preposition

on，in，at，of，by，for...

3. 从句 Clause

从句引导词

that, what，which，who，whom，as...

举个例子

But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.

找修饰标志词断句

找出 非谓语动词、介词、从句引导词.

But the Nobel Foundation’s limit / of three recipients per prize, / each of whom must still be living, / has long been outgrown / by the collaborative nature / of modern research — / as will be demonstrated / by the inevitable row / over / who is ignored / when it comes to / acknowledging the discovery / of the Higgs boson.

去掉修饰标志词的部分即为主干.

But the Nobel Foundation’s limit has long been outgrown.

匹配修饰关系

修饰的 就近原则

后置修饰 往往修饰的是 紧靠其左边 的内容.

箭头所指的即为对应的修饰.

整合分句，理解全句

阅读理解版 ≠ 翻译版

但诺贝尔基金会的限制 ( 每个奖项的获得者不能超过三人，每个人都必须在世 ) 已经过时很久了 ( 由于现代研究的合作性质 ) 这一点将会被 ( 不可避免的争论 ) 证明，( 争论关于谁被忽视了，在谈及承认希格斯波色子的发现时 )

NPC 标志词总结表

非谓语动词 N Non-finite verbs	不定式 ( to do ) 动名词 ( v.+ing ) 分词 ( v. + ing 现在分词 / v. + ed 过去分词 )
介词 P Preposition	about, above, after, along, among, at, as, before, behind, below, beside, besides, between, but, by, despite, down, except, for, from, in, like, near, on, opposite, over, off, past, ( a ) round, since, through, till, to, towards, inder, until, with, up inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without, alongside according to, ahead of, apart from, as for, as to, by means of, but for, because of, due to, except for, for the sake of, in addition to, in favor of, in front of, in honor of, in the light of, in the name of, instead of, in spite of, on behalf of, on the grounds of, owing to, prior to, regardless of, with a view to, with regard to, with reference to
从句引导词 C Clause	that, if, whether... or not, what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whom, whoever, whomever, of whom, whose, of which, at / on / in / during / for / in which, as, when, whenever, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, directly, once, immediately, the moment, why, because, now ( that ), seeing ( that ), in that, considering ( that ), on the grounds that, where, wherever, everywhere, how, however, ( in ) the way, as if, as though, unless, as long as, on condition that, provided that, supposing, in case, though, although, even if, even though, while, no matter ( what, when, who... ), so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, so...that, such... that, so, than, not so... as